Justice Sensitivity in Autism and ADHD: What to Know

Key Takeaways

  • Choose the justice issues that matter most to you and set boundaries to avoid burnout.

  • Use the same compassion for yourself as you do for others to make sure your needs are met.

  • Notice signs of burnout and take a break when needed to care for yourself.

Justice sensitivity refers to an individual’s sense of fairness, equity, and inclusion, as well as their need to address and correct injustices. Most people would describe themselves as having some level of justice sensitivity, though the intensity to which they focus on issues of justice and equity will vary, like all traits.

Some people experience extremely high justice sensitivity, which can impact how they respond to perceived injustice and wrongdoing in the world around them. Autistic and ADHD individuals in particular tend to have higher levels of justice sensitivity compared to neurotypicals. While not every neurodivergent person reports high justice sensitivity, and many people with high justice sensitivity are not autistic or ADHD, this can be an autistic or ADHD trait.

Additionally, justice sensitivity can be impacted by other aspects of a person’s identity. Those who are marginalized in other ways (for instance, BIPOC individuals, LGBTQ+ people, et cetera) may be more focused on justice due to increased awareness resulting from personal experiences with oppression.

This article describes justice sensitivity and how it manifests in autistic and ADHD people in particular.

What Does It Mean to Have Justice Sensitivity?

An individual’s justice sensitivity is the degree to which they are aware of issues of equity, equality, fairness, and other justice issues. When someone is highly justice-sensitive, they are more acutely aware of these issues, noticing injustices when they happen and working hard to bring injustice to others’ attention and correct it.

Those with high justice sensitivity are also more likely to remain focused on justice issues with more intensity and for a longer period of time than those with lower justice sensitivity. They may be driven to take action to correct injustices around them. They may also find themselves drained or burned out by the many injustices that occur around the world every day.

What Causes Justice Sensitivity in Autistic People?

As we have noted, an individual does not have to be autistic to experience justice sensitivity. However, some common autistic traits can explain why autistic people are more likely to experience justice sensitivity.

There is not one simple reason why autistic people are more likely to be justice-sensitive, but many factors contribute to this trend.

  • First, many autistic people experience special interests, or a highly intense passion for a topic. This is not a simple hobby or passing fascination; an autistic person with a special interest may spend an unlimited amount of time researching, learning, talking about, interacting with, or completing projects related to their special interest. For some, that special interest is justice.
  • Second, autistic brains tend to hyperfocus on topics or problems until they find a solution. When faced with injustice, some autistic people will hyperfocus on it unless and until an equitable solution is identified.
  • Third, autistic people experience traumatic events at a higher rate than the rest of the population, including abuse and discrimination. Autistics are much more likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point in their lives compared to those who are not autistic. First-hand experience of mistreatment and injustice can cause some people to focus on ensuring that no one else has to suffer as they did. This is also why autistic people with other marginalized identities might be even more justice sensitive.
  • Finally, justice sensitivity involves doing what is morally right and just overdoing what is easy or following directives from authority. Research has shown that autistic people are less likely to respond to appeals to authority and more likely to focus on fairness and equity over loyalty.

What Causes Justice Sensitivity in ADHDers?

Again, while not all people who experience justice sensitivity have ADHD (and not everyone who has ADHD experiences justice insensitivity), there are ADHD traits that can increase the probability that someone will be more sensitive to injustice.

  • First, like autistic individuals, ADHDers can experience hyper-focus, though for slightly different reasons. Although ADHD is often described as involving a “deficit” of attention, it can be more accurately described as struggling to decide what that attention will focus on. Many ADHD ers find themselves unable to turn off their hyper-focus. When that focus is pointed at a justice issue, it can be difficult to disengage.
  • Second, like autistics, ADHDers are at a higher rater for experiencing trauma and are diagnosed with PTSD at a higher rate than neurotypicals, increasing first-hand experience of injustice. Again, this often means that those with intersecting marginalized identities are more aware of the importance of justice.
  • Third, ADHDers tend to experience emotions more intensely than those without ADHD. This means that, when an ADHDer becomes angry about injustice, they feel that anger more strongly than someone who does not have ADHD. Anger can be highly motivating.

Justice Sensitivity in AuDHD

AuDHD refers to when someone is both ADHD and autistic. Those who experience justice sensitivity due to a combination of ADHD and autistic traits might have an even more intense perception of justice.

Justice sensitivity can show up for different autistic, ADHD, and AuDHD people in different ways based on their value systems. Justice isn’t necessarily a standard definition for everyone, and this can lead to different expressions of this trait. 

What Are the Benefits of Justice Sensitivity?

Caring about others and wanting to see justice prevail in the world are positive qualities. They reflect compassion and often empathy, and they drive us to help and support each other.

People who have high justice sensitivity often make excellent advocates because they are driven to fight for change and address injustice whenever they see it, refusing to tolerate inequity, bigotry, and other justice issues. They educate others about justice issues and demand positive change in the world around them. They can point out unfairness and inequality, helping others advocate for themselves.

When turned inward, justice sensitivity helps individuals self-advocate and articulate their needs to those who can help them. They can call out harmful behaviors and exercise their right for respect, support, and (when appropriate) accommodations.

What Are the Drawbacks of Justice Sensitivity?

Although a strong sense of justice can be a wonderful thing, there are also drawbacks that accompany high justice sensitivity, particularly for autistic and ADHD individuals.

Because special interests can be intense and all-consuming, an autistic or ADHD person with a special interest or hyperfocus in justice issues may find themselves seeking out information on various injustices. They may engage in doomscrolling on social media, constantly exposing themselves to injustice after injustice. While they may hope to bring attention to these issues and correct them, the constant barrage of injustice can be draining and exhausting.

Advocacy work itself is highly intense. There is no end to the injustices of the world, and so those with high justice sensitivity are likely to be caught up in an endless line of causes. Again, while advocacy work is essential, if an autistic person who is highly justice sensitive struggles to set boundaries and take breaks from this work, they can become burned out.

Additionally, we presently live in a society where harm seems to be around every corner. Many justice advocates report struggling with the concept of “ethical consumption” when every product creates harm somewhere along the supply chain. Those with high justice sensitivity can struggle with basic survival when it is impossible to buy ethically sourced food or exist in the world without having a carbon footprint. Attempting to honor your justice ideals in a world that makes this impossible is exhausting.

Caring for Yourself When You Have High Justice Sensitivity

If you experience high justice sensitivity, these tips can help you learn to balance your well-being and ideals:

  • Choose your battles. It is literally impossible to address every justice issue in the world by yourself. To mitigate burnout, choose the issues that are most important to you, and set boundaries around your involvement in other areas. You can focus on things you are most passionate about and that play to your knowledge.
  • Set boundaries. Since hyperfocus can cause autistic and ADHD individuals to become completely engrossed in causes, having boundaries around your advocacy work can ensure you save space and energy for your self-care.
  • Remember that you deserve the support you offer others. It is tempting to give and give, spreading yourself too thin. Extend the same compassion you have for others towards yourself, and make sure your needs are met because you also matter.
  • Notice signs of burnout. Keep track of indications that you might be doing too much or that you might be sliding into burnout. When these things pop up, step back and make time for your needs before you hit a crisis point.

Most qualities can be strengths or cause deficits depending on the context and severity, and justice sensitivity is no exception. It is not wrong to care about issues and want to make the world a better place, but it is important to take care of yourself along the way.

Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
  1. Wood R. Autism, intense interests and support in school: from wasted efforts to shared understandingsEducational Review. 2021;73(1):34-54.

  2. Haruvi-Lamdan N, Horesh D, Zohar S, Kraus M, Golan O. Autism spectrum disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder: an unexplored co-occurrence of conditionsAutism. 2020;24(4):884-898.

  3. Dempsey EE, Moore C, Richard AE, Smith IM. Moral foundations theory in autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative investigationAutism. 2020;24(8):2202-2212.

  4. Ashinoff BK, Abu-Akel A. Hyperfocus: the forgotten frontier of attentionPsychological Research. 2021;85(1):1-19.

  5. Luderer M, Reinhard I, Richter A, Kiefer F, Weber T. Adhd is associated with a higher risk for traumatic events, self-reported ptsd, and a higher severity of ptsd symptoms in alcohol-dependent patientsEur Addict Res. 2020;26(4-5):245-253.

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By Amy Marschall, PsyD

Dr. Amy Marschall is an autistic clinical psychologist with ADHD, working with children and adolescents who also identify with these neurotypes among others. She is certified in TF-CBT and telemental health.


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How to Build Trust in a Relationship, According to a Therapist

Key Takeaways

  • Trust is an important pillar in relationships, and the lack of it can lead to negativity, conflict, insecurity, depression, and anxiety.

  • If your relationship is lacking trust, it’s important to work with your partner to build it, so that you can let your guard down and be vulnerable with each other.

  • If you are having difficulties resolving your trust issues with your partner, seek help from a therapist or a couples counselor.

There are few things as comforting as having a strong sense of trust in your relationship, but it takes time and intentionality to develop.

To have trust in a relationship means that you feel a sense of security and loyalty with your partner. According to Sabrina Romanoff, PsyD, a clinical psychologist and professor at Yeshiva University, it’s the basis of a solid relationship.

“To trust means to rely on another person because you feel safe with them and have confidence that they will not hurt or violate you. Trust is the foundation of relationships because it allows you to be vulnerable and open up to the person without having to defensively protect yourself,” says Romanoff.

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Why Trust Matters

Trust is a vital component in happy and successful relationships. Here’s how it can impact your relationship for the better.

Promotes Positivity

Trust is important in relationships because it allows you to be more open and giving. If you trust your partner, you are more likely to be forgiving of their shortcomings or behaviors that irritate you because overall you believe in them and know they have your back.

Reduces Conflict

Trust also allows you to navigate conflict. When you trust your partner, you are more willing to overlook problems or commit to finding solutions to issues because you feel allied in areas that mean the most to you.

Even if your partner does something disappointing, you are more likely to give them the benefit of the doubt and see the good in them if you trust them.

Increases Closeness

Establishing trust creates a strong bond and foundation to build on. Knowing you can trust your partner promotes increased closeness and safety. When you trust one another, you feel safe knowing that your partner has your back and can be relied upon for comfort, care, and support.

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Impact of Lack of Trust

Trust takes time to build, and if your partner consistently fails to follow through on promises or commitments, you will begin to have low expectations of them.

Sabrina Romanoff, PsyD

When your partner’s actions are not aligned with their words, you will begin to learn that they are not trustworthy. Repeated violations or consistent hurtful behaviors erode trust.

— Sabrina Romanoff, PsyD

Lack of trust can create many problems in your relationship. A lack of trust can also affect your mental health in the following ways:

  • Lack of intimacy: When there is little trust in a relationship, intimacy tends to decrease. When your partner is being deceitful, you will likely want to distance yourself from them, both emotionally and physically. 
  • Negativity: When you feel wronged by your partner, you may fixate on this feeling, which will not only cause you to withdraw from them, but will also cause you to be filled with anger towards them. This can stifle connection and closeness.
  • Insecurity: Lack of trust usually leads to insecurity in the relationship. In turn, you will constantly doubt what your partner tells you and may react by becoming more controlling, which can push them further away. For instance, incessantly calling or texting your partner to keep tabs on them can drive them away.
  • Depression and anxiety: If there is little trust in your relationship, you might experience higher levels of depression or anxiety because you will constantly question whether your partner is lying or being deceitful.
  • Trouble concentrating: Lack of trust can lead to an inability to concentrate, especially if you are constantly worrying or wondering what the other person is actually thinking, feeling, or doing.
  • Distress: Not being able to trust your partner contributes to mental, emotional, and physical distress, including betrayal, trauma, and emotional dysregulation.
  • Fear: Low trust can cause feelings of fear and anxiety. You might be afraid of what your partner will do next, or you might worry that they won’t be there when you need them.
  • Loneliness: When you can’t trust the closest person in your life, you are bound to experience feelings of loneliness and isolation.

How Do You Deepen Trust in a Relationship?

There are a number of things that you can do to help promote trust in your relationship. Romanoff shares some strategies that can be helpful.

Improve on Mistakes

An important step to build trust is to be honest and forthcoming when you violate expectations or hurt one another. 

Everyone makes mistakes. What is important is that you can learn and grow closer to each other after you repair whatever was damaged as a result of the mistake. The best way to do this is to own them completely and show how you will do better in the future.

Engage in Open Communication

Secrecy tends to erode trust, so when your partner is able to be transparent and allows space to explore topics that might trigger your mistrust, you can begin to feel more at ease and begin to let your guard down. 

The more you are able to get on the same page, the closer you will feel toward your partner. Open communication makes it easier for you to discuss concerns about the relationship. When you can have open communication, you will feel closer to your partner.

How to Rebuild Trust

If trust has been damaged in a relationship, there are things that you can do to help rebuild your trust, intimacy, and connection. Steps you can take:

  • Be open and willing to work on the relationship
  • Create new positive experiences together
  • Talk to one another
  • Find ways to connect
  • Say what you mean and mean what you say
  • Keep and follow through on commitments you make
  • Be consistent
  • Listen empathetically, be present with your partner, and ask questions to better understand them and your relationship with them
  • Continually deepen your own self-awareness so that you can share your most honest thoughts, emotions, needs, and requests
  • Acknowledge and take responsibility for mistakes made, apologize for the harm done, and be clear and specific about how things will be approached differently in the future

Patience is also important. It may take time to rebuild trust, but continuing to work toward improving your relationship can help you eventually mend those damaged connections.

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Sanjana is a health writer and editor. Her work spans various health-related topics, including mental health, fitness, nutrition, and wellness.


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What Is Somatic Therapy?


Key Takeaways

  • Somatic therapy is a type of therapy that connects your mind and body to help with stress, tension, and trauma.

  • Somatic therapy can help with mental health issues like PTSD and anxiety, as well as physical issues like chronic pain.

  • To start somatic therapy, first find a therapist who offers either in-person or virtual sessions.

Somatic therapy, also known as somatic experiencing therapy, is a mental health therapy that aims to treat PTSD and other mental and emotional health issues through the connection of mind and body. This body-centric approach works by helping to release stress, tension, and trauma from the body.

Unlike other mental health therapy approaches, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which focuses prominently on the mind, somatic therapy incorporates body-oriented modalities such as dance, breathwork, and meditation to support mental healing. In addition, somatic experiencing therapy sessions include both talk therapy and mind-body exercises.

Types of Somatic Therapy

Just like in other forms of mental wellness therapies, in somatic therapy (also called somatic experiencing therapy), patients discuss their problems. However, rather than just talking about those problems, somatic therapists guide patients to focus on their underlying physical sensations. From there, the mind-body exercises may include breath work, meditation, visualization, massage, grounding, dance, and/or sensation awareness work.

Beyond the standard somatic therapy, numerous subgroups use its framework in specific ways. These include:

  • Sensorimotor psychotherapy: A comprehensive therapy that uses the body as an integral source of information and a guide as to how best to treat trauma and developmental challenges.
  • The Hakomi Method: Psychotherapy that integrates scientific, psychological, and spiritual sources, focusing on four core concepts: gentleness, nonviolence, compassion, and mindfulness.
  • Bioenergetic analysis: Body-psychotherapy that combines bodily, analytic, and relational work based on understanding energy.
  • Biodynamic psychotherapy: A combination of allopathic (medical) and holistic therapy modalities that include physical massage by the practitioner.
  • Brainspotting: In addition to mind and bodywork, this therapy incorporates eye positioning to retrain emotional reactions to traumatic or triggering events or memories.

Techniques

Somatic therapy operates off the idea that what happens to you in your life is stored not only in your mind but also in your body. By focusing on both the physical sensations in your body and the discussion of your problems, it is a comprehensive approach to therapy. Somatic therapy techniques include:

  • Developing more awareness of your body and its sensations
  • Calling upon emotional resources
  • Grounding (focusing on your internal sensations in the moment in response to PTSD activation or triggers)
  • Encouraging detailed descriptions
  • Movement, including acting out of physical feelings
  • Learning tools to calm oneself
  • Alternating focus between something stressful and something not stressful to help release tension
  • Replaying past situations with new physical tools
  • Emotional release
  • Strengthening boundaries

What Somatic Therapy Can Help With

Anyone can try somatic therapy as an alternative to conventional talk therapy. It is used for a variety of mental and physical health issues.

Mental health issues that somatic therapy is used for include:

Physically, somatic therapy may assist with:

  • Chronic pain
  • Digestive disorders
  • Sexual dysfunction

Because of its focus on grounding and mindfulness, which are techniques to put you back in your body in the present moment rather than being swept up in a traumatic or anxious trigger, this therapy can be an effective option for anyone looking to get more in touch with themselves and their experiences in life.

Effectiveness

Somatic therapy has been shown to be an effective form of therapy for numerous psychiatric and physical issues.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Treatment for PTSD with somatic experiencing has been proven to be an effective method to speed up the time needed to heal from a traumatic event.

Initial studies of somatic therapy have found it to be an effective treatment for PTSD, noting that this intervention resulted in fewer PTSD and depressive symptoms. This demonstrates that somatic therapy may be an effective therapy method for PTSD, although further research is needed to understand what specific patients will benefit most from this type of treatment.

When victims of a tsunami were studied, the results stated, “90% of participants reported significant improvement or being completely free of symptoms of intrusion, arousal, and avoidance. The results support the effectiveness and reliability of this modified version of Somatic Experiencing Therapy in working with trauma reactions.”

Chronic Pain

It might seem surprising to some people that a form of psychotherapy can help with physical pain, but it has shown to be the case. In one study, somatic therapy was proven effective as a treatment for cervical myofascial pain, and the effectiveness was not increased when acupuncture was added. This speaks to the efficacy of somatic therapy in treating chronic pain.

Things to Consider

As with any form of therapy, it’s essential to be in an emotional and mental place where you have the time and energy to process complex feelings. If you’re doing somatic therapy in person, touch is often involved. Because of that, it’s wise to ensure you don’t mind being touched by another person.

Boundaries and consent play vital roles in somatic therapy, and you should never be touched without consent or in an inappropriate way.

Somatic therapy is not considered to have any risks that are specific or unique to its format.

How to Get Started

If you’re interested in trying somatic therapy, follow these tips to get started.

Find a Therapist

The first step to starting somatic therapy is to find a therapist in your area. Depending if you want to see someone in person or virtually, you may need to look for someone doing telehealth. If you’re looking for an in-person experience so that you also receive the benefits of touch-oriented treatments, add your location into a search engine field along with your query.

Somatic therapy is common enough that you should be able to find a provider in most major cities. If you’re looking for a virtual therapist, check online to make sure that your potential therapist has positive reviews.

It’s important to note that most somatic therapists do not work directly with health insurance companies because somatic therapy is considered an alternative form of therapy. Many are licensed marriage and family therapists (LMFTs), psychologists, or other licensed therapists and may be able to provide you with a superbill to submit to your insurance company yourself for reimbursement.

Prepare for Your First Appointment

Before your first appointment, think through your emotional and physical goals and what you want to accomplish through the therapy. As with any therapy, be aware that you may bring up old and painful memories. These are good to have distilled to tell your therapist about.

If you are seeing someone in person, prepare yourself for potential healing work conducted via touch. Whether virtual or in-person, your somatic therapist will ask you questions about your history and therapy goals during your first session. The two of you will work together to discuss what the therapy will look like and how you will proceed. What matters most is that you are comfortable with the therapist.

As with all therapies, somatic therapy may be emotionally difficult and be a long journey, though many people find a deeper level of healing than they could achieve through other therapies.


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How to Be Successful in Life: 9 Psychological Strategies


Key Takeaways

  • People with a growth mindset believe that they can change, grow, and learn through effort.

  • Set specific and achievable goals by breaking them into smaller steps that make progress easier.

  • Build strong social support, as having even one close person you can rely on can make a big difference.

Success is often defined as the ability to reach your goals in life, whatever those goals may be. In some ways, a better word for success might be attainment, accomplishment, or progress. It is not necessarily a destination but a journey that helps develop the skills and resources you need to thrive.

Because goals are self-created, what people view as success can vary depending on their needs, goals, and situation. There may not be a perfect combination of ingredients that can guarantee success. Still, there are some basic steps you can follow that can improve your chances of being successful in life, love, work, or whatever happens to be important to you.

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Build a Growth Mindset

Research by psychologist Carol Dweck suggests that there are two basic mindsets that influence how people think about themselves and their abilities: the fixed mindset and the growth mindset.

People who possess a fixed mindset believe that things such as intelligence are static and unchangeable. Those with a fixed mindset believe that success isn’t a result of hard work—it’s simply a consequence of innate talents.

Because they believe that such talents are something people are either born with or without, they tend to give up more easily in the face of a challenge. They quit when things do not come easily because they believe that they lack the inborn skills needed to excel.

Those who have a growth mindset, on the other hand, feel that they can change, grow, and learn through effort. People who believe that they are capable of growth are more likely to achieve success. When things get tough, they look for ways to improve their skills and keep working toward success.

People with a growth mindset believe that they have control of their life, while those with a fixed mindset believe that things are out of their control.

What can you do to build a growth mindset?

  • Believe that your efforts matter. Rather than thinking their abilities are fixed or stuck, people who have a growth mindset believe that effort and hard work can lead to meaningful growth.
  • Learn new skills. When faced with a challenge, they look for ways to develop the knowledge and skills that they need to overcome and triumph.
  • View failures as learning experiences. People with growth mindsets don’t believe that failure is a reflection of their abilities. Instead, they view it as a valuable source of experience from which they can learn and improve. “That didn’t work,” they might think, “so this time I’ll try something a little different.”

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Improve Your Emotional Intelligence

Overall intelligence has long been believed to be one factor contributing to success in different areas of life, but some experts suggest that emotional intelligence may actually matter even more. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to understand, utilize, and reason with emotions. Emotionally intelligent people are able to understand not only their own emotions, but those of others as well.

To improve your emotional intelligence:

  • Pay attention to your own emotions. Focus on identifying what you are feeling and what is causing those feelings.
  • Manage your emotions. Step back and try to view things with an impartial eye. Avoid bottling up or repressing your feelings, but look for healthy and appropriate ways of dealing with what you are feeling.
  • Listen to others. This not only involves hearing what they are saying, but also paying attention to nonverbal signals and body language.

Develop Mental Toughness

Mental toughness refers to the resilience to carry on and continue trying even in the face of obstacles. People who possess this mental strength see challenges as opportunities. They also feel that they have control over their own destiny, are confident in their abilities to succeed, and are committed to finishing what they start.

What can you do to improve your mental toughness and increase your chances of being successful in life?

  • Believe in yourself. Cut out negative self-talk and look for ways to stay positive and self-encouraging.
  • Keep trying. Even when things seem impossible or setbacks keep holding you back, focus on ways that you can develop your skills and keep soldiering forward. One of the key habits of successful people is always looking at setbacks or failures as learning opportunities.
  • Care for yourself. Staying strong also means that you treat yourself with kindness. Check in with yourself regularly to ensure you have the things you need to thrive.
  • Look for growth opportunities. Learning more about yourself and challenging yourself to try new things can provide opportunities for self-discovery.

Strengthen Your Willpower

In a long-running longitudinal study, psychologists followed a group of children who were identified by their teachers as highly intelligent. As they compared how these subjects fared throughout childhood and into adulthood, researchers found that those who ultimately were the most successful in life shared some key characteristics, including perseverance and willpower.

These characteristics tend to be part of an individual’s overall personality, but they are also something you can improve. Delayed gratification, learning to persist in the face of challenges, and waiting for the rewards of your hard work can often be the key to success in life.

Strategies you can use to improve your willpower include:

  • Distraction. For example, if you are trying to lose weight but are having a difficult time staying away from your favorite snacks, distracting yourself during your moments of weakness can be an effective way to avoid giving in to temptation.
  • Practice. Willpower is something you can build, but it takes time and effort. Start by making small goals that require will power to achieve, such as avoiding sugary snacks. As you build your ability to use your will power to achieve such small goals, you may find that your willpower is also stronger when working on much larger goals.

Focus on Intrinsic Motivations

What is it that motivates you the most? Do you find that the promise of external rewards keeps you reaching for your goals, or is it the more personal, intrinsic motivators that keep you feeling inspired? While extrinsic rewards such as money, awards, and praise can be helpful, many people find that they are most motivated when they are doing things for personal satisfaction.

If you are doing things because you enjoy them, because you find them meaningful, or because you enjoy seeing the effects of your work, then you are driven by intrinsic motivations. Research has shown that while incentives can be a better predictor of some types of performance, intrinsic motivators tend to be better at predicting performance quality.

While it is often the external motivators that get people started, it is the internal motivators that kick in and keep people going in order to maintain those new behaviors.

What can you do to boost your sense of intrinsic motivation?

  • Challenge yourself. Pursuing a goal that is achievable but not necessarily easy, is a great way to increase motivation to succeed. Challenges can keep you interested in a task, improve your self-esteem, and offer feedback on areas you can improve on. Choosing a slightly challenging task will help motivate you to get started—it feels exciting!
  • Stay curious. Look for things that grab your attention and that you want to learn more about.
  • Take control. It can be difficult to stay intrinsically motivated to pursue a goal if you don’t feel that you have any real influence over the outcome. Look for ways that you can take an active role.
  • Don’t fear competition. There might be other people trying to reach the same goals as you, but this doesn’t mean you should give up. Don’t compare your progress or journey to anyone else’s. You can look to others for motivation and inspiration, but remember that we all have different paths.

Set Achievable Goals

Successful people know that they need to start by having attainable goals to achieve. These goals are not necessarily easy to reach, but by having something to aim for, you will be better able to move forward and overcome obstacles.

When setting goals:

  • Be as specific as possible: Choosing a goal like “I’m going to spend 20 minutes a day learning a new language” is more achievable than setting a general goal like “I’m going to learn French.”
  • Break your goal into smaller steps: Even if you select a specific goal, it can often seem difficult to achieve. Try breaking it into smaller steps that allow you to focus on moving forward without becoming overwhelmed.
  • Reward progress: Recognize your successes along the way and allow yourself to enjoy your accomplishments.

One of the biggest reasons people don’t follow through on their goals [is] because they aren’t what THEY want to do. Make sure your goals align with your personal values and needs, not what you ‘think’ you should do.

Nurture Traits Linked to High Potential

Psychologists have long attempted to link specific traits or personality characteristics to success in life and work. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is one widely used assessment that is often utilized by businesses to screen job candidates. However, research often fails to show that the MBTI actually correlates to performance.

According to some more recent research, there are certain traits that tend to be consistently tied to success. Researchers Ian MacRae and Adrian Furnham have identified six key traits that can play a role in how well people do at work. However, they note that there are optimal levels of these traits. Too little of these characteristics can hinder success, but so can having too much.

If you are trying to learn how to be successful in life, consider what you can do to nurture these key traits:

Conscientiousness

Conscientious people consider the effects of their actions. They also consider how other people will react and feel. You can nurture this trait by:

  • Thinking about the consequences of actions
  • Considering other people’s perspectives

Accepting of Ambiguity

Life is full of situations that are not always clear. People with a great deal of potential for success are better able to accept this ambiguity. Rather than being rigid and inflexible, they are ready to adapt when the unexpected comes their way. You can learn to embrace ambiguity by:

  • Challenging your perspectives and considering opinions and ideas other than your own
  • Not fearing the unfamiliar
  • Being willing to change
  • Valuing diversity

Capable of Adjustment

In addition to being able to accept ambiguity, success often hinges on the ability to quickly adjust to change. You can nurture this ability to adjust by:

  • Reframing difficult situations, to see them as opportunities to learn and grow rather than simply obstacles to live through
  • Being open to change; when plans or situations change, step back and look at ways to cope

Courageous

The world’s most successful people often exemplify great courage. They are willing to take risks, even in the face of potential failure. Research suggests that courageous people utilize positive emotions to overcome fear. You can improve your tolerance of risk by:

  • Quelling negative emotions and focusing on more positive feelings
  • Balancing risk with common sense; being cautious and pragmatic can also pay off, depending upon the situation

Curiosity

People who are successful tend to be curious about the world around them. They are always eager to learn more, including new knowledge and skills. You can cultivate your sense of curiosity by:

  • Relating tasks to your interests: If you find filing boring, for example, look for a more efficient way to categorize the information to play to your strengths as an organizer.
  • Learning new things

Competitiveness

Successful people are able to utilize competition to motivate, but avoid falling prey to jealousy. You can nurture a healthy sense of competition by:

  • Focusing on your own improvements; rather than worry about being the best at something, pay attention to your progress
  • Being happy when others succeed

Some personality traits and types may be better suited for certain jobs than others. However, no specific personality trait can guarantee success, nor can being low in that trait doom someone to failure.

While there are differences in opinion on just how much personality can be altered, nurturing some of these high potential traits might help you develop skills that can serve you well in many different aspects of your life.

Cultivate Strong Social Support

Doing things alone can be difficult, but having a strong social support system can make things easier. Different types of social support can be important for success.

  • Emotional support can provide the comfort, security, and empathy you need as you face challenges.
  • Esteem support can boost your confidence and encourage you to keep going.
  • Informational support can provide mentorship, advice, and other necessary resources to reach your goals.
  • Tangible support can help you in active and practical ways. This might involve someone helping you perform a task or taking care of the task for you.

Having even one close person in your life that you feel you can go to in any circumstance is more helpful for your relational well-being than having 10 friends who are surface level. It’s about quality, not quantity.

Mentors, friends, co-workers, and family members can cheer you on when things get tough and even offer advice and assistance that can help you improve your chances for success.

Avoid Burnout

Burnout can happen when you are exposed to chronic stress. It can seriously impede success and lead to exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance. 

Reduced motivation makes it harder to stick to your goals and can make you feel apathetic and uninterested.

Self-care strategies, such as getting enough sleep and engaging in healthy eating, can relieve some stress. But addressing burnout often requires getting to the bottom of the issue that is causing the problem.

Sometimes, this might mean reassessing your goals. If your goals are creating too much stress or if you are trying to achieve too much too fast, it can be a recipe for burnout. Look for ways to reduce stress, whether that involves shifting your goals, changing your plans, or even doing something more significant like moving somewhere else or changing jobs.

Keep in Mind

There is no single measure of success, and certainly no single answer for how to be successful in life. Yet by looking at some of the habits of successful people, you can learn new tactics and strategies to implement in your own daily life. Cultivate and nurture these abilities, and over time you may find that you are better able to reach your goals and achieve the success you want in life.


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Understanding the Trait Theory of Leadership

Key Takeaways

  • The trait theory of leadership suggests some traits may predict leadership success.

  • Not everyone with leadership traits becomes a leader, and context matters.

The trait theory of leadership postulates that successful leadership arises from certain inborn personality traits and characteristics that produce consistent behavioral patterns. This line of research emerged as one of the first investigations into the nature of effective leadership.

Trait Theory of Leadership: The Rationale

The trait theory of leadership is tied to the “great man” theory of leadership first proposed by Thomas Carlyle in the mid-1800s. According to Carlyle, history is shaped by extraordinary leaders. This ability to lead is something that people are simply born with, Carlyle believed, and not something that could be developed. Carlyle’s ideas inspired early research on leadership, which almost entirely focused on inheritable traits.

Carlyle’s Approach

Carlyle’s theory of leadership was based on the rationale that:

  • Certain traits produce certain patterns of behavior.
  • Patterns are consistent across different situations.
  • People are born with leadership traits.

Even today, books, and articles tout the various characteristics necessary to become a great leader, suggesting that leadership is somehow predestined in some (or is at least more likely) while unlikely, if not impossible, in others.

Other Theories

Since the publication of Carlyle’s thesis, psychologists have examined and argued about the trait-based theory of leadership. From the 1940s to the 1970s, psychologist Ralph Melvin Stogdill suggested that leadership is the result of the interaction between the individual and the social situation and not merely the result of a predefined set of traits.

Soon after in the 1980s, James M. Kouzes and Barry Z. Posner posited that credibility was a key indicator of leadership skills, characterized by such traits as being honest, forward-looking, inspiring, and competent.

Leadership Traits

While the list of leadership traits can vary by whoever is drawing up the list, a recent study outlined behavioral traits that separated lower-level supervisors from higher-level supervisors.

According to the researchers, the traits most commonly associated with great leadership include:

  • Adaptability and flexibility: Effective leaders don’t get stuck in a rut. They are able to think outside of the box and adapt quickly to changing situations.
  • Assertiveness: A great leader is able to be direct and assertive without coming off as overly pushy or aggressive.
  • Capacity to motivate people: A great leader knows how to inspire others and motivate them to do their best.
  • Courage and resolution: The best leaders are brave and committed to the goals of the group. They do not hide from challenges.
  • Creativity: Perhaps most importantly, great leaders not only possess their own creativity, but they are also able to foster creativity among members of the group.
  • Decisiveness: A great leader is capable of making a decision and is confident in his or her choices.
  • Eagerness to accept responsibility: Strong leaders take on responsibility and don’t pass the blame on to others. They stand by their success and take ownership of their mistakes.
  • Emotional stability: In addition to being dependable overall, strong leaders are able to control their emotions and avoid overreactions.
  • Intelligence and action-oriented judgment: Great leaders and smart and make choices that move the group forward.
  • Need for achievement: Strong leaders have a need to succeed and help the group achieve goals. They genuinely care about the success of the group and are committed to helping the group reach these milestones.
  • People skills: Excellent interpersonal skills are essential for leading effectively. Great leaders know how to interact well with other leaders as well as with team members.
  • Perseverance: Strong leaders stick with it, even when things get difficult or the group faces significant obstacles.
  • Self-confidence: Many of the best leaders are extremely self-assured. Because they are confident in themselves, followers often begin to share this self-belief.
  • Task competence: A great leader is skilled and capable. Members of the group are able to look to the leader for an example of how things should be done.
  • Trustworthiness: Group members need to be able to depend upon and trust the person leading them.
  • Understanding their followers and their needs: Effective leaders pay attention to group members and genuinely care about helping them succeed. They want each person in the group to succeed and play a role in moving the entire group forward.

Controversy on the Trait Theory

Early studies on leadership focused on the differences between leaders and followers and assumed that people in leadership positions display more leadership traits than those in subordinate positions.

Researchers found, however, that relatively few traits could be used to distinguish between leaders and followers. For example, leaders tend to be great communicators. Leaders also tend to be higher in traits such as extroversion, self-confidence, and height, but these differences tended to be small.

There are obvious flaws in the trait-based theory. While proponents suggest that certain traits are characteristic of strong leaders, those who possess the traits don’t always become leaders.

Some have suggested that this may due to situational variables in which leadership skills only emerge when an opportunity for leadership arises (such as in war, during a political crisis, or in the absence of leadership).

Meanwhile, others have taken a contingency approach to leadership in which certain traits can be more effective in some situations and less so in others. Opinions vary on what those traits are and to what degree they can predict success, if at all.

Leadership in the Internet Age

More controversial yet is the contention that some people don’t have the traits to become leaders. Such a belief inherently overlooks social and economic inequities that limit, if not entirely erase, a person’s potential to lead.

It also overlooks the changing economy and how leadership is defined when connections are today made both online and offline.

As outlets for leadership continue to change (such as with social media and e-commerce), the traits needed to succeed are different simply because there are fewer intermediaries. Within this realm, the ability to influence is arguably more important than the ability to lead.

Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
  1. Spector, B. Carlyle, Freud, and the great man theory more fully considered. Leadership. 2016;12(2). doi: 10.1177/1742715015571392

  2. Kumar S, Adhish VS, Deoki N. Making sense of theories of leadership for capacity building. Indian J Community Med. 2014;39(2):82-6. doi:10.4103/0970-0218.132721

  3. Oakleaf L. Trait theory of leadership. Organization and Administration in Recreation, Sport and Leisure Management, Missouri Western. November 2016.

  4. Jim Kouzes and Barry Posner: The Authors of The Leadership Challenge. The Leadership Challenge. November 2019.

  5. Nichols AL, Cottrell CA. What Do People Desire in Their Leaders? the Role of Leadership Level on Trait Desirability. The Leadership Quarterly. August 2014;25(4):711-729. DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2014.04.001.

  6. Jiang J, Chen C, Dai B, et al. Leader emergence through interpersonal neural synchronization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015;112(14):4274-9. PMID:25831535

Kendra Cherry

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the “Everything Psychology Book.”


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What to Do When Your Spouse Asks for a Divorce


Key Takeaways

  • Show your spouse you want to save the marriage by being patient and listening to them.

  • Avoid arguing with your spouse and respect their space by not questioning them about their whereabouts.

  • Get professional help and read self-help books to improve yourself and the relationship.

Whether it seems out of the blue or you felt it coming, it can be scary to hear your spouse say, “I want a divorce” or “I’m done.” If this is the situation you’re in, remember that it’s not over ’til it’s over. Even spouses who say they want to divorce may be somewhat ambivalent about that decision, meaning that there can be hope for a reconciliation.

If you truly want to avoid divorce, you must demonstrate that you are capable of real change. Think deeply about what has gotten you both to this place. What has your spouse been complaining about for a very long time? What have you been remiss in hearing? Consider the behaviors you are willing to change to make your marriage work.

It may seem unfair that you have to do the changing, but when your spouse has hit their limit and you’re the one who wants to make it work, you may need to make the first move toward real change. Here we share what to do and not do if your spouse tells you that they want a divorce.

What Not to Do If Your Spouse Wants a Divorce

“Although you may want the best opportunity to save your marriage, some people sabotage this by acting angry or vengeful. Often, these actions are a result of feeling discouraged, disregarded, or hopeless,” says clinical psychologist Dr. Sabrina Romanoff, PsyD, causing them to choose to hurt their partner rather than be acknowledged.

Sabrina Romanoff, PsyD

Although you may want the best opportunity to save your marriage, some people sabotage this by acting angry or vengeful. Often, these actions are a result of feeling discouraged, disregarded, or hopeless.

— Sabrina Romanoff, PsyD

Here are some actions that can make it difficult to meet your goal of saving the marriage, making it important to work hard to avoid them:

  • Acting out: Behaviors such as using drugs, alcohol, getting caught up in the bar scene, and flirting (or more) with others won’t help you work things out with your spouse in the long run.
  • Begging: Pleading with, pursuing, or pressuring your spouse can have the opposite effect and turn them off.
  • Buying: Buying gifts, flowers, and cards to make up for or apologize for your actions that prompted your spouse to want a divorce probably won’t resolve the real issues. You will not be successful at buying back love.
  • Gossiping: Asking family or friends to encourage your spouse to stay with you may make things worse. Discussing personal matters with others may just upset your spouse.
  • Idealizing: Refrain from pointing out all the good things about marriage or about you.
  • Manipulating: Saying “I love you” or asking your spouse to read books about love and marriage could come off as manipulative or pushy.
  • Nagging: Avoid making excessive phone calls and sending lots of texts to your spouse, especially if this has not been your pattern, as it can make you seem desperate.
  • Neediness: You may be overwhelmed with sadness and can only express this feeling toward your spouse, but do your best to not act needy toward them.
  • Reminiscing: Do not try to get your spouse to look at your wedding pictures, talk about your early dating days, etc.
  • Spying: Following them in your car, checking their emails, cell phone, bills, and so on can break rather than build trust in your relationship

What to Do If Your Spouse Wants a Divorce

Try these proactive steps to repair your rift and encourage your partner to change their mind about divorce. Ultimately, the goal is not only to avoid divorce but to improve the health of your relationship.

  • Act as though you will move forward with confidence. Commit to doing this regardless of whether or not your spouse decides to stay with you.
  • Allow your spouse to come to you with questions or concerns. Let your partner know that you sincerely want to save the marriage, then be patient when discussing the topic. During your discussions, be an active and engaged listener.
  • Be your best self. This is not the time to fall apart, go into a rage, or get vengeful. Muster up the best attitude you can, putting your best self forward.
  • Behave respectfully toward your spouse. In addition to being respectful with your spouse, practice self-respect as well.
  • Don’t engage in arguments. Don’t take the bait if your spouse tries to get you to argue. You may even have to walk away. (If your spouse claims that you “always walk away,” state that you would be happy to stay and have a civil conversation, then do it.)
  • Get help. Read self-help or self-improvement books or see a marriage counselor. “Divorce Remedy” by Michelle Weiner-Davis may be a good book for your circumstances.
  • Give your spouse some space. Don’t question them about their whereabouts or schedule. Instead, give them room.
  • Keep busy. Continue your day-to-day activities, and maybe even add some new ones. Go out with friends, family, and your children. Visit a place of worship, try a new hobby, or get some exercise. Continue living, despite what happens with your marriage. You may invite your spouse to join you, but don’t react negatively if they decline. Also, don’t change your intended plans.
  • Keep up with your appearance. You may feel very down and bad about yourself, but ignoring basic hygiene can further impact your mental health.
  • Let your spouse see you as content. Your mood may be fluctuating, but find an outlet for difficult feelings that isn’t your spouse. Often, a therapist or counselor can provide a safe space to process your feelings.

Next Steps If Divorce Is On the Table

In addition to taking the proactive steps mentioned above, you might be wondering the best way to proceed or move forward. There are a few immediate steps to consider if you and your spouse have discussed getting a divorce.

  • Try relationship or couples therapy: See if your spouse is open to going to couples counseling with you to identify and work on the issues in your relationship. Therapy, both as a couple and as individuals, could help you understand if there’s a way to move forward together and reconcile what’s causing a rift.
  • Consult a lawyer: Even if you hope to reconcile, it may still be a good idea to speak to a lawyer to better understand what a divorce could mean for you from a legal perspective.

Going through or considering a divorce can be emotionally distressing. To stay mentally strong, remember to practice self-care and reach out for support. You may also consider seeing a therapist on your own or joining a support group.

Final Thoughts

Making positive changes, regardless of whether your marriage ultimately works out or not, is always a good idea. There may be some behaviors or traits you have that can be problematic in most relationships. Working through them helps improve your ability to connect and communicate with a romantic partner (whether it be your current spouse or someone new).


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10 Tips (5 Dos and 50 Don’ts)


Key Takeaways

  • Too heal a broken heart, take care of yourself with good self-care like eating well and exercising.

  • Don’t let your emotions control you; instead, view the end of a relationship as a chance to learn and grow.

  • Try not to get stuck in the past, and focus on nurturing your relationships with friends and family.

When a cherished relationship ends, we often must heal from what’s commonly referred to as a “broken heart.” If your heart is broken, you might feel symptoms common to depression:

  • Fatigue
  • Reduced or increased appetite
  • Sleeping too little or too much
  • Lack of interest in your usual activities
  • Anxiety

If you feel as if your physical heart actually hurts, you’re not imagining it: The flood of stress hormones your body is releasing in response to your emotions can trigger broken heart syndrome, aka stress-induced cardiomyopathy. Symptoms of this physical condition include an erratic heartbeat, chest pain, and shortness of breath. You might even feel as though you’re having a heart attack.

The process can be painful and slow, but it does pass, and time will help you recover. In the meantime, harnessing it as an opportunity to learn more about your wants and needs can help you develop and strengthen healthy coping skills to use in future relationships—and to help you get through the end of this one. When you’re ready for the next step, here are some tips to get through the process of healing. 

When you’re ready for the next step, here are some tips to get through the process of healing. 

Dos

  • Do take care of yourself.

  • Do appreciate the good memories.

  • Do reevaluate your needs.

  • Do try again when you’re ready.

  • Do forgive—both the other person and yourself.

Don’ts

  • Don’t let your emotions rule.

  • Don’t get stuck in the past.

  • Don’t deny your needs.

  • Don’t jump into a rebound relationship.

  • Don’t rush finding love again.

Don’t Let Your Emotions Rule 

Try not to view the end of a relationship as a failure. Instead, think of it as an opportunity to learn and grow. It doesn’t matter if it was your first relationship or if you’ve had others before. Everyone, whether they’re 15 or 50, can get to know themselves better and work on improving their relationship skills. 

You may have a lot of anger around the relationship, including the way it ended. You may even be tempted to “exact revenge” on your ex or fantasize about interfering in or disrupting their life—including new relationships. 

Remember that hurting another person won’t lessen your pain. In fact, it’s more likely to make you feel worse and will slow the progress of your own healing. 

Do Take Care of Yourself 

Good self-care is emotional, physical, and spiritual. You have your own unique needs in each area, but there are some general acts of self-care that are beneficial for almost everyone, such as a nutritious diet, regular exercise, a social support system, and strategies for coping with stress, to name a few.

Try to be patient, gentle, kind, and giving toward yourself. It may help to know that the pain of a break-up is not just emotional; research has shown people can also feel physical pangs of loss.

You may also need to work on restoring the “big picture” perspective. When you’re in a romantic relationship, it may be a central part of your life, but romantic love isn’t the only kind that can be nourishing. Continue to nurture relationships with friends, family, and yourself.

If you feel guilt or shame about your role in a relationship that has ended, it may be hard to be a good friend to yourself as you work through these feelings. Keep in mind that practicing compassion toward yourself makes it more likely you’ll attract that kind of energy from others. 

Working with a trustworthy, knowledgeable, skilled, and compassionate therapist is good self-care during any period of major change in your life, but can be especially helpful when you’re coping with loss.

Get Help Now

We’ve tried, tested, and written unbiased reviews of the best online therapy programs including Talkspace, BetterHelp, and ReGain. Find out which option is the best for you.

Don’t Get Stuck in the Past

We all tend to look back on our lives and relationships with “rose-colored glasses.” The effect of “rosy retrospection” is that you may refuse to see the problems and only focus on the good parts (which you’re likely to miss). 

Sometimes, both the good and bad memories may feel as though they’re playing on an endless loop in your mind. These intrusive thoughts can slow down the process of healing and can be quite distressing. 

Though it may be difficult, try not to lose perspective. No relationship is all bad, but none is perfect either. If you are glorifying the relationship or find you continue to put your ex on a pedestal, it may be a sign that you need to give yourself some emotional and perhaps physical distance.

For example, you may struggle in the digital age to refrain from “checking up” on your ex via social media. If you can’t resist the temptation, it may be time to unfriend them or block their profile. 

You won’t be able to move on with your own healing if you’re constantly being drawn back into their lives and thinking about what once was, as well as what will never be. 

If your ex starts a new relationship, seeing them post on social media (even if it’s not always an accurate representation of reality) may cause old feelings to resurface for you. It can also fuel preoccupation with any unresolved aspects of your relationship with them. 

Do Appreciate the Good Memories

Even if your relationship ended on a sour note, chances are, it was not all bad. It’s normal to look back at what was good about it, and you may find you miss certain things about your ex and the love you shared.

At the same time, you may feel overwhelmed by the empty space that’s left when the relationship ends or harbor resentment about what happened that lead to its dissolution. 

Riding out these shifts in emotions is part of the healing process. When a happy memory comes up, allow yourself to be grateful for it—then move on.

Don’t Deny Your Needs

Being honest with yourself about your needs (especially those that aren’t being met) can be a painful process. You may feel it would be easier, and less painful, to simply ignore them.

While it may feel better in the short term to “numb” yourself to the hurt, it will only make it harder for you to heal in the long term. Pretending you don’t have needs makes it impossible for you to grow, both in your relationships with others and the one you have with yourself. 

Do Reevaluate Your Needs

Following a break-up is a good time to think about your wants and needs in a romantic relationship. You may find it helpful to journal or make lists. 

Ask yourself questions like, “Have I been choosing partners who are not capable of a loving and mature relationship?” and “Was I hoping this person would change, or that I would be able to change them?” 

It can be painful to admit that your previous relationship wasn’t able to meet your needs. Taking the time to honestly reflect can be hard work, but once you do, you’ll be able to clarify the qualities to look for in a future partner. 

Don’t Jump Into a “Rebound” Relationship

You may feel a sense of urgency about finding a new romantic partner, but so-called “rebound” relationships prevent you from working through your previous one.

If you don’t take time to reflect on a relationship that has recently ended, you may end up repeating patterns or making the same mistakes in a new one.

It can be hard to break free from old ways of thinking and behaving, even if you know it’s not helpful. But recognition is the first step to making changes. 

Do Try Again When You’re Ready

Sometimes, people have a hard time coping with being single when they had become used to being part of a couple. This may be especially true after a long-term relationship ends. 

If you’re struggling with your identity as a single person, try to remember that your value comes from who you are, not who you’re with. 

Being on your own gives you the opportunity to focus on yourself—though this can be hard if you are used to taking care of others and generally find it easier than thinking about your own needs. 

Sometimes, people who aren’t as confident socializing on their own are more comfortable in social situations when they’re part of a couple. Others may enjoy being social whether they’re in a relationship or not, but they might resist going out after a break-up.

The tendency to avoid social situations is often a mix of worrying about seeing an ex-partner or someone you know who might ask about the relationship combined with wanting to avoid places, activities, and people who would remind you of an ex.

Try not to isolate yourself. You certainly don’t have to go out on Friday night if you’d rather stay at home with a book, but if you do feel like spending time around others and just don’t want to go out on your own, ask a friend to tag along. 

Don’t Rush Your Next Relationship

While you don’t have to rush it, you may begin to open up to the possibility of another relationship as time goes on.

It might be scary to think about falling in love again—especially after you’ve been hurt—but try to remember that as deep as the pain of a broken heart can be, it means that you experienced love just as deeply.

You may not even be looking for a relationship when love finds you, as it can show up in unexpected places. If you are looking more intentionally, be open to meeting others when you go out and choose the places and activities you enjoy.

Whether a church group, sports team, or the local library, you’re more likely to make positive connections with others and find lasting relationships (friends and romantic partners alike) in places where you feel safe and comfortable being yourself. 

Do Forgive 

Forgiving your ex may take time and may not come easily, especially if you were hurt or betrayed. It’s important to note that forgiving someone does not mean that you condone their hurtful behavior and actions.

In fact, sometimes, the act of forgiveness is not so much about the other person. Arriving at a place of forgiveness gives you permission to stop investing time and energy into a person and situation that is no longer healthy for you.

To mend a broken heart and move on, there’s someone else you need to be ready to forgive: yourself.

You may find it easier to forgive your ex, but remember that the longest-running and the most powerful relationship you’ll ever have is with yourself.

You can’t change the past, but you can learn from it. Whether you’re single or in a relationship, you can always change behaviors or shift your paradigm to prevent repeating mistakes, allow yourself to grow, and continue to develop self-love.

Press Play for Advice On Cultivating Self-Love

Hosted by therapist Amy Morin, LCSW, this episode of The Verywell Mind Podcast, featuring actress KJ Smith, shares how to cultivate self-love. Click below to listen now.

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How Long a Broken Heart Lasts

There’s no getting around it: This is going to take some time and effort.

In the immediate aftermath of a breakup, you don’t need to jump into problem-solving mode. In fact, doing so when you haven’t allowed yourself to fully work through your feelings may make the process more protracted and difficult. 

As time passes, don’t compare yourself to characters in movies and books who bounce back with tidy endings in two hours. Every person and relationship is different, and dealing with heartbreak is not the same process for everyone or every time. Give yourself permission to take the time you need.

Within the space of each day, try to limit how long you allow yourself to ruminate on what’s happened. For example, you might set aside 30 minutes a day to think about what you’re going through; that can help you push such thoughts away outside of that time.

Keep in Mind

There’s no getting around it: Emotional loss can be painful, and you need time to grieve. Not all the platitudes and cliches in the world can hasten the process, but knowing what’s going on in your heart and mind can help. As you work through this difficult time, remember that it will pass—and you’ll move forward with new self-knowledge and experience that can inform and improve your future relationships.

If you feel as though you’re not recovering as you should or you just can’t endure the pain alone, consider counseling or therapy. These professionals are highly trained to help people through challenging situations and states. To find a therapist, ask your healthcare or insurance provider for recommendations, and search online for patient reviews.


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